Musical acoustic physics

Musical acoustic

 

Musical acoustic is a science that describes and research on producing of music using different pitches of sound. The different parts of musical acoustic is study of musical instrument, study of voice, study of computerised melody, and speech science and song.

Foundation of musical acoustics

The foundation of musical acoustics are based on a mechanism of merging of music. Two different pitches of sound have two different wavelength and different pitches. If these different pitches of sound let to play in same time there happens a consequence. Two different pitches of sound wave interact with each other and produce a new format of sound wave.

Musical acoustics and its implementation

Musical acoustics is also not in limited implementation and application on music science. Besides of music science the study of musical acoustics already expanded its field to different area of science. These fields of musical acoustics are as these given bellow,

Mechanical study of musical instrument

The mechanical study of musical instrument is concerned with producing musical instrument, pressure of air and the vector study of air movement. This part of musical acoustics is one of the function of applied physics.

Physics study of musical acoustics

Musical acoustics are also called the acoustic physics. Musical accosting in generally a study of sound and wavelength of the sound.

Computer analysis

Human air and brain can feel the influence and impacts of musics. But in really draw a picture of music as well as measuring the mathematical model of music or even to picture a geometrical shape of music a study of computerised analysis of music became an important part of musical acoustics.

Psychoaccoustics

Psychoaccoustics is a part of musical acoustics that deals with the music wavelength that relates music with psychology and cognitive science. It is also called music cognition.

Objectives of musical acoustics

Specially most beneficial learner of musical acoustics are composer and musician. Once when all over the world musician feels a great range of unsuitable situation in producing good music then the study of musical acoustic became popular. Though, from the earlier stage of science and physics the science of musical acoustics were previously existed in physics.

The main and core objective of musical acoustic is to produce good music and concerned different factors with that.

The producing of different pitches of music is a physical aspects of physics. But human hair a music  there plays biological and neurological role how he feel about the music. Just think about a phenomenon. A combination of different pitches of sound may produce an another wavelength of sound. But very sad matter is that this wavelength of sound may be very rude to the audience. What you will called this sound?

This wavelength of sound will be called music that must have a patterned structure, rhythm and harmony. Besides of this a cognitive study is very important in order to defining sound as a music to different group of people.

In ear physics make a relation with biology and cognitive science. Ear is the primary auditory organ of animals where different wavelength of sounds reaches. The different wavelength of sounds that hits on ear is analyse and coded by brain. Then brain defines sound as musical or rude. This coding and analysis by brain varies people to people.

Scientific relation of music with scientists

From the primitive time of science an wonderful relationship of music with science were very clear. Scientists were found with music as well as they were very expert on music. This involvement of scientists were aggressively found from the Pythagorian period. Using natural selection process most of the scientists became famous musician. Till now most of the scientists will found that they are very found of music and too much expert in music.

It should not be very wonderful matter if you see a physicist are creating rhythm and harmony with his piano. Rather it should be happen. It is a natural and as usual term that a physicist should be good musician.

The relationship of music with scientists is possible to discuss scientifically. Let divide our discussion into two separate part. One is the cause of becoming very found with music and second is the cause of scientists being expert of music production.

Both of the two consequence happens due to some interrelated as well as some separate reason.
Why scientists become very found of music?
In this case some of the psychological, biochemical, physics law plays important role of scientists becoming of very found with music. Let us analyze the psychological cause of scientists becoming of very found with music.

Psychological cause

We everybody knows about the view of scientists. The main objectives of a scientist is discovering a new things. Finding a way of solution of problem. But it is not an easy task and even quite difficult. Most of the scientist you will found spending of hole life struggling with finding the new way of effective solution of the problem and to leave the life without finding no solution.

With above discussion we find a characteristics of scientists that is a great expectation of finding new way of solution. The natural psychology of human beings says that most of the expectation of life should satisfy for mental peace and comfort. If any expectation become impossible to satisfy completely, that at least it should be satisfy partially.

Just think, you have a great expectation of becoming a friend with your classmate who is the most beautiful girl in your class. You proposed her of your friendship and rejected .  What a sad matter? You get pain. Because your expectation is remaining unsatisfying.. A pain emerged in your mind. What may be the option of cure from the pain. You should make a balance pleasure with pain. The natural law of psychology will stimulate you to search something that may give you pleasure which should be responsible to reduce pain.

Music is very common scientific term that can give pleasure to you. When peoples become sorrow with some pain for unsatisfied need they tends to do something that can significantly reduces the pain.

Scientists when tired with searching new things for a long period of time and get pain due to their long period of unsatisfying of their need. This unsatisfying of need sometimes leads them to such things that can provide them pleasure.

Love for gained skill

Human have an extraordinary characteristics of loving something. They loves these what they knows better. In this case loving of something is in most of the case dependent on humans own skill. You will tend to do this that you will do better.

Music is a scientific term concerned with physics, biochemistry, psychology and mathematics. Scientists become more familiar with music with their own lives adaptive development. Due to becoming with more familiar with the natural selection process scientific people become very mostly fan of music.

You can do an experiment. Just select your few number of scientific friend. You can select them in random selection process. Go to their reading room. In most of the case you may find a lot of music albums are in their room.

Why scientists easily become expert of music?

Using natural selection process scientists can become more expert in music and composing of music. Scientists become more familiar with the theory of music and gained skill of composing music naturally with their absence of mind.

Relativistic quantum mechanics

Introduction of relativistic quantum mechanics

 

The study of motion of the objects are actually starts with the emergence of Newtonian classical mechanics. But scientists found a drawbacks of Newtonian classical mechanics that is inapplicability of Newtonian classical mechanics into particle like objects motion that exactly moves with speed of light.Though, the Newtonian classical mechanics made an earlier foundation of physics, but in terms of explaining the behaviour of particles as well as speed of light, it became outdated. In order to describe the motion of lighter particles a new branch of physics is established that is called quantum mechanics.

Both two major foundation of physics, Newtonian classical mechanics and quantum mechanics occupied two different place in modern physics differently. classical mechanics is unique for massive objects motion study and quantum mechanics is concerned with the motion of lighter particles, such as electron.

But the behaviour of physics and scientists is tends to go to unification that can explains different phenomenon with unique central view. Grand unification theorem is the results of such kinds of unification tendencies of physics laws.

relativistic quantum mechanics is one of the unification of physics that can reduce the theoretical and logical distance between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics.

Relativistic quantum mechanics

Relativistic quantum mechanics is a developed form of quantum mechanics and Newtonian classical mechanics that is applicable in massive objects as well as particles that moves with speed of light. It is a Poincare co variant formulation of quantum mechanics.

The relativistic quantum mechanics extends the application of non relativistic quantum mechanics. Where non relativistic quantum mechanics is applied in Galilean relativity, the relativistic quantum mechanics is applicable in special theory of relativity.

The great advantage of relativistic quantum mechanics more than quantum mechanics is in prediction of antimatter, fine structure, electron spin and spin magnetic moment, charged particles quantum dynamics in electromagnetic field.

Though, in some of the field relativistic quantum mechanics may be become only a self consistent theory. For example, relativistic quantum mechanics cannot explain the phenomenon of matter creation and matter annihilation. But the advancement of relativistic quantum theory toward relativistic quantum field theory already minimise these drawbacks.

Relativistic quantum mechanics in space and time

In non relativistic quantum mechanics and Newtonian classical mechanics time is an absolute quantity and independent with space. But in relativistic conception of quantum mechanics time is not absolute value, even not independent with space.

Relativistic quantum mechanics spreads its application in different fields of physics. In particle physics, high energy physics, accelerator physics condensed matter physics, even in chemistry relativistic quantum mechanics have a wide range of activity.

Mass energy transformation equation

Einstein's mass energy transformation equation

Albert Einstein established an equation that explains the relationship between mass and energy. This equation also explains how matter transform into energy. It is also called mass energy transformation equation. Mathematically mass energy transformation equation is expressed as bellow,

E = mc²

From above equation the symbol E is denoted for energy, m is for mass and c is for speed of light.
Matter and energy inter transformation
Matter can transform into energy explained by Einstein's mass energy transformation equation. In opposite manner energy also can transform into matter. If it was impossible to transform energy into mass then it was impossible to form our existing universe. Think about Big Bang. The first nucleus of the universe was created after three minute of Big Bang. What was the initial state before the Big Bang?

An analysis of big bang theory shows that after big bang a hot and dense energy state started to rapid cooling. This rapid changing of energy state stimulates to transform of energy into matter. Scientists believes that three minute after big bang the first nucleus of the universe formed. The matter of the entire universe is the such kinds of results of transformation of energy into matter.

In modern physics, different theories and laws gives us evidence of transformation of energy into one state to another state.

Matter and energy

In terns of physics, matter is something object that can occupy space, have volume and shape as well as can measure with weight. Mass is the unique property of matter. Though, in modern physics the conception of mass became debatable after the experimental result of falling bodies in vacuum. When scientists found that in vacuum different mass of matter falls in a same time then the doubt about mass aroused.

Energy is considered as the different phenomenon of matter. The core point of the creation of universe is concentrated into two topics. One is energy and another is matter. Cosmologists and physicists believes that the entire universe is consists of matter and some forces. Examples of these forces are strong force, weak force, electroweak force, etc.

The conception of traditional energy is getting change. With the development of physics and the theory of our entire universe matter and energy is taking place into one single continuum. Matter is nothing but a coalesced or condensed form of energy may not a talkative speech. It may be true.

The earlier stage of the universe gives us the idea that can lead us to say matter is a transform of energy. The mass energy transformation equation by Albert Einstein shows  us that a small amount of mass can transform into huge amount of energy with sufficient condition. If we think the opposite view of mass energy transformation equation, we find a logic that a huge amount of energy can condenses into small amount of mass with sufficient condition.

What should be the sufficient condition of transforming huge amount of energy into small amount of matter? This answer may be clearly or partially found by drawing a picture of earlier universe during big bang. Because, scientists says that first nucleus of the universe is formed after three minute of big bang. Scientists also believes that this kinds of transformation happens due to the rapid coalesced of hot and dense state of energy of the earlier universe.

Physics of flight of birds and aerospace

Humans dreams to fly
It was the ancient dream of human to fly into sky just like. To make the dream in reality human tried several time in several period from thousands years ago. But every step of the experiment went to dust with results of injuries and broken bones. They made wings and bound with two arms and tried to fly. But they failed. Because to fly there need more things that is more important from wings. There have a role of physics to fly.

Who can fly?

Most of the birds are able to fly. Not only bird some insects can fly. In generally, the animals that have wings wings are seen to capable to fly.

 The mysterious of birds flight in concentrated into a physics theorem. The modern physics shows us that to fly there need more important things than the weight. Lighter weight is very important part to fly. In birds flying there have another role of physics besides of the lighter weight of birds.

Birds flight is somewhat similar with the swimming. How we able to swim? Archimedes law of physics shows us that how we can swim. In this case Archimedes blamed to the density. If the density

The physical shape of bird allows birds to fly. When birds expands there wings there found two different shape of the upper surface of the wing and the lower surface of the wing. The upper surface allows airs to faster flow over the upper surface. On the other hand the lower surface of wings allow air to flow comparatively low speed. Hence the density of the air at the lower side of birds wings are very high. On the other hand  the density of air on the upper surface of wings is comparatively low. Hence the air of the lower portion creates more pressure to lift. In this way the higher air pressure allow birds to fly easily. Same mechanism helps birds to move forward during flight.

Flight of aerospace and the flight of bird

Same mechanism and engineering of physics is appropriate in both two case. What mechanism is required to flight of bird, same mechanism is applied to flight of aerospace. It is a function of air flow. 

Just think what exist surrounding us? What we see empty surrounding us with our visual eye, is exactly not empty. There have a full of air. The air creates pressure on us. If we through an object into space, there happens different air pressure on the objects. objects faces pressure of air from all sides.

Another forces of universe does not allow to objects to go away continuously to upward and make it to return back to the earth. That is force of gravity. In order to remaining stable existence in space there required a force that is opposite direction of gravity and that must have to be sufficient force that can avoid the force of gravity. In this case pressure of the air from lower side of the object can minimise the force of gravity. But there also have another force that also increase the probability of return back of the object to the earth. That is air pressure from the upper side of the objects. But If applying any mechanism if it possible to reduce the air pressure of upper side than the air pressure of lower side then the object will lift upward.

Stimulus and response

Both of two term, stimulus and response is a scientific theme to we are familiar in our daily life. These scientific facts are becoming more important in every professional people to understand and do something based on stimulus and response measurement.

A teacher, a musician, a singer, a sales people have to measure the amount of response against their every stimulus.

What is stimulus and response?

Just think simply, you you said someone that you like him, he or she smiled. You measure that this people got pleasure. This pleasure is a response. The sentence you have said him is stimulus.

Stimulus and response in most of the case follows a straight line if there plot a graph. The more stimulus in positive manner, the more the response is positively. But this may not in all time true. Sometimes it may show opposite result. Just think, a boy is trying to make pleasure his girlfriend, saying that he loves her a lot of. His girl got pleased and pleasure. The good stimulus resulted into good response. Again the boy said he loves her a lot of. Again the girl got pleased and pleasure. The boy started to repeating that again and again. Once a time the gir feels irritable and got angered. She replied that she hate him. In this case an excessive good stimulus results into bad response. Because, excess everything is bad.

Measurement of stimulus and response

Stimulus and response measurement is important in every situation in order to development of performance.

A teacher should measure the response of students. With the response measurement he will able to measure the stimulus. In a classroom if a teacher see that some of the students in back bach are seems to be inattentive. In this case teacher will able to measure the response of students and his own stimulus. This measurement will take him in  a way to to develop the stimulus.

Stimulus and response measurement for musician and singers are more complex and very important. This type of measurement some of the case become immeasurable. But in order to become a famous singer and musician it is very important.

A produced music of a patterned wavelength by a musician is a stimulus for audience. The behaviour of the audience against the music is response. If the music contains a patterned structure, harmony and rhythm the music will impact a wide scale on audience all over the world. The behavior of the audience toward the music is termed as response.

Another most common and well known examples of stimulus and response may found from Russian scientist and psychologist Pavlov experiment on dog. Pavlov shows that how just a bell ring impacts on a dog to saliva secretion. These dogs were familiar with the bell ring as an invitation signal of before giving them food and meal. In this case the bell ring is a stimulus for the dogs. The secretion of saliva is response.

An effective music with harmony and rhythm can significantly produce pleasure. The measures of harmony and rhythm is the measures of stimulus and the measures of pleasure is response.

Geographical relationship of music

Though, music is an authentic source of pleasure and enjoyment all over the world for different cultural people, but it contains different feature and properties of enjoyment in different eye view in different people. Hence, the patterns and harmonics of musics varies geography to geography. Different people in different region are found with different patterns of music. How a type of patterned music make pleasure in Asian people, it may not give same degree of pleasure to European people.

Influence of music in different region

The measure of influence is an term that how surroundings are response with the cause of all phenomenon. The influence of all music is measured by the response of the audience with the effect of the music. When with an effect of all rock music results in dancing by the audience indicates that music have influenced properly to these audiences. As same as when an sad music makes crying to the people, indicates the music done an effective influence.

All over the world musicians are producing music with an view of that their produced music will results in an good influence. And proper influential music is an measure of quality of the music.

The scientific matter is that not each music equally make influence on all type of people. The musical influential effect differs in different country and different region.

The musical pattern of Latin America is differ from the musical pattern of Asia or united state. The musics emerged from Indian region is also differs from the Chinese music. W

The musics of middle east also differs from the music of other regions of the world.

Why musical patterns differs in region to region?

There have a lot of causes to happen such things. Different factors plays different role in human life. In a successive production of music there need different factors role implementation.

Most of the scientist may claim this cause as the social values and cultures. Because social culture impacts in a large scale on human mind. If we think music as an excited expression of mind, then we can accept this cause as an unique responsible cause. But there may have some hidden cause concerned with physics, language and physiology. Even it may concern with other scientific phenomenon.


Language stimulus and response is very important in diversity of music geography to geography. Different people in different region of the world learnt different language. Different word produce different wavelength of sound. Different wavelength of sound combination can produce different patterns of music. Not each word can produce rhythm equally. Not each people all over the wold can produce similarr wavelength of sound. For this cause music differs geography to geography.

Skin pigmentation

Skin pigmentation is just a coloration with the effect of melanin. Exactly, pigmentation happened in human body and skin with an expose of sun burn. There have another cause of skin pigmentation. Addison disease is one of the most common cause of skin pigmentation. In generally, pigmentation is a colouration of skin that exactly causes darker of the skin. The responsible constituent of skin darkening is melanin. when skin  produces melanin it appears as a dark color. The more the melanin level in skin the more darker the skin. Damaged skin produces more melanin.

Sun burn is a major cause of skin pigmentation. sunlight significantly damages skin cells. these damaged skin cells produces more melanin into skin.

Another disease condition that is called Vitiligo. Vitiligo is responsible of patches of skin.

Genetic condition and its impact on skin

Some genetic condition can impact on skin in severer range. Albinism is such kinds of genetic condition that significantly impacts on skin. Due to the effect of albinism skin get no color condition. Some of the time the condition of colour of skin is lighter than the normal color may defined as the albinism.

Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation is a condition that refferes as a dark spot of skin surrounded by the lighter skin. It is a result of over melanin condition in a specific part of skin. hyperpigmentation are found mostly in old age. Though, in any age people can suffer with hyperpigmentation.

In women, there have some common cause of hyperpigmentation. Pregnency is one of the most common cause of hyperpigmentation.

Mathematics of music science

Music
According to Greek philosophers music is nothing but a term of culture, art and creativity. But though, the view of Greek philosophers never agree music as a considerable topics of physics of sound, most of the modern physicist and musician called music is an application of physics. Music is a specific wavelength of sound that have a patterned structure, rhythm and harmony. When any sound contains some characteristics for which animals get pleasure for these scientific characteristics of sound may call music. Not each sound is music. Music is not only a study of arts and culture. Scientists included music in the part of physics. Biologist also made a relationship of music with life science. It can never be ignore that how music can make people happy. It also can not ignore how music make a significant impacts on animals behaviour. It must have a biological, physiological, psychological and chemical relationship that exactly make an animal to dance with the effect of music.

It is also not a subject of wonder to know that music have a significant and measurable role of mathematics.
In music study the core constituent of musics are counting, rhythm, scales, patterns, harmonies, time signature, overtone. tone, tune, pitch, symbols and intervals are very important. In order to producing a good music these terms are mandatory of consideration. Scientists have found that these musical terms are interrelated with mathematics. These constituents of music follows the role of mathematics.

The mathematical relationship of music is not a new conception of science. Exactly, from the earlier most of the scientists, musicians and mathematicians were thought about the interrelation of music with mathematical role.

Mathematical relationship in all types of music

All types of music all over the world follows a mathematical role. If it be classical, rock, opera, pop, folk, Jazz, emotional or contemporous types of music, whatever, each types are tends to follow a mathematical role.

Music and mathematics

Sound is the topics of physics that is the base of producing a good music. In a music the wavelength of the sound follows a mathematical role that es expressible by certain types of numerical values. Musicians and composers tends to follow set theory, number theory, abstract algebra in order to produce a good music. In some of the case the mathematical term golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers are found to incorporate to produce a good music.

From ancient time the aspects of music and mathematics relationship are tried to discover nation to nation. Chinese, Indians, Mesopotamians, Egyptian and Greek civilisation were studied from different parameter to discover the true. Chinese, Indians, Mesopotamians and Egyptians discovered the sounds mathematical role. Greek mathematician Pythagoras at first expressed musical scale with numerical ratio.
Harmony of music
What we call harmony of music, is well known as musical acoustic in physics. Scientific period of Plato was the very important era of music study. In this period harmony was thought as an important part of physics.

Time, rhythm and meter

A music must have to process a rhythmic structure. Without rhythm music is impossible. What should be the feature of rhythmic structure? It may be very difficult to define with understandable word, but it may very easily make understandable with some example./> First consider the wave of the sea. Water is flowing by a rhythmic structure making ups and down of the water surface.

Look at the human body. How functions our hearts? How act our body circulatory system? The repetition of pulse follows a rhythmic way. Repetition of any consequence after a specific time gap is a fundamental property of rhythm.
In the study of astronomy and physics, the two terms are very important. These are meter and measure. In terms of arithmetic counting, even in time and periodicity both of the term have a significant role.

Music as treatment of disease

Music and treatment relationship

A lot of evidence is possible to found that patient feels better with contact of good and melodious music. It may be impact in such a way that patient get feel good without his own notice. Music can never be classify into art and creativity, even into physics. Music is a subject of a combination of arts, physics and biology's. Music have a wide range of impact on physiological process. If someone ignore this universal truth, then I have to say, If music have no any biological, physiological and psychological relationship then every music will go into dust.

Why famous musicians and singers are struggling to produce good music. That is only for make good satisfaction of human. Nothing can possible to produce without need. If human and animals are the final consumer of music and song then it have to agree that exactly there have a physiological role of human into animals body.

Now we can think about how music impacts into body? Both way it may impact. Impact may be good and bad. If we exclude the bad impact, existing good impact we may utilise in medical science in order to development of health condition.

Song against fairness

Just let us to tell a ghost story. As a scientific people I claimed it was only a hallucination. But in that moment I was afraid enough. Once a day in my village at night time outside from my house I was using Internet sitting on a deck. Just a one tea stall were opened and a few number of people were crowding in front of tea stall. I was too much concentrate into social media website that I did not notice when tea stall have been closed and all of the peoples left away the place and returned back to their home. The place became more darker.When I realised to return back to home, I feel it is midnight. I have started to walk. Within few minute I have realised that I have going toward the wrong road. Exactly, I were feeling the wrong road as right. Sudden I feeled I were standing in a wrong place and completely failed to recognise toward i should move. I am not finding nobody nearby me to help. But it was clear that I had lost my way. I was too much afraid. In that moment I realised to sing a song. I have done this. After few moment I have realised that I am fine. I abled to recognise my right way.

In order to becoming brave, most of the people I have found that they sings song when they walk through the dark road. Song significantly reduces cowardliness.
 Song makes people courageous.

Cervical cancer

It is is not a subject to ignore, even it is not to afraid. Because a proper knowledge on cervical cancer can prevent unnecessary and unpredictable death of women all over the world.

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is considered as the most of the common cause of death of women all over the world. Besides of breast cancer, cervical cancer is very dangerous type of cancer for women. Cervical cancer is commonly classified as STD type disease caused by the infection of HPV virus.

The statics of cervical cancer done by American cancer society in 2015, shows that in United State every year 12900 new case of cervical cancer is found and 4100 women deaths are found every year for cervical cancer.

The demographic study on cervical cancer in united States also shows that Hispanic women are most likely high rate of causing cervical cancer. On the other hand American Indian and Alaskan native women are found lowest risk of cervical cancer.
 To know details about cervical cancer first to know about cancer. Cancer is a condition designated by abnormal cell division. Someone can make a misunderstanding between tumour and cancer. Every tumour is not cancer. The tumour that is not a cancer, can define it as benign.

Infection stage

Any girl or woman can not defined as a cancerous patient after infecting by HPV virus. Because, there have different stage of development of cervical cancer. A cervical cancer develop from normal cell to cancer through a precancerous stage. The precancerous stage is in three types. CIN, SIL and dysplasia.

CIN means cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. SIL means squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Types of cervical cancer
The main two types of cervical cancer is squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
Risk factor of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a one kind of Std class disease for women. Human Papiloma Virus can causes cervical cancer to women with no may lead to unwanted death. Scientists discovered a large scales of risk factors. One of the most prominent risk factor is lacking of awareness. Social value of interrelation is another kinds of risk factor. Just like other Std class disease it is very risk to death, but very alarming is that the protection of Job is somewhat very difficult.
Protection and prevention
Prevention is more better than protection. Prevention means an initiative action against future infection. That is a step towards immunity. Vaccination is the most effective way of getting immunity. Vaccination is an adaptive process of adaption of immunity. Immunity means the capability of body system to fight against specific types of antigen. Any kinds of minor amount of antigen when into enter body that give signals to body to produce antibody for future protection and prevention of foreign particles.
 Exactly, vaccines are nothing but a reduced power of disease causing shriven that can not causes disease due to reducing its capability.

Autoimmune disease

Autoimmune disease Autoimmune disease is one kind of physical disorder caused by increased level of immunue attack. Most of the case autoimmunue disorder is found in women. Though man and woman both can affact by autoimmune disorder. For better understanding of autoimmune disorder it is very important to know immunity of body. Immunity  Immunity is a degree of defence power of body against foreign particles into body. The body defence system is called immunity of the body. Immunity of the body of the animals are dependent on the immunue system.

There have different types of immunity In our body system. Immunity Ingenerally means a protective and preventive, in addition a defensive system of oour body that is responsible to   restricting of entering the harmful substance into the body. Outer layer skin of ooour body is an example of such kinds of protecting system. The level of antibody into the body is the main component of immunity. Shrinkage plays a vital role of protecting life from specific types of antigen.

When some forrign particles enter into body, immunity recognised it as a foreign harmful particle and attack on this foreign particle.

When autoimmune disorder happens?

An autoimmune disorder starts when body immunue system wrongly identify the body organs as a harmfull particles and attack these to destroy. Sometimes antibody can identify the bone as a foreign particles of the body. When they identify the organs as the harmful foreign particle, their natural characteristics stimulates these to attack and destroy. The core function of our immunue system is antigen antibody response. Let us describe antigen antibody function in our body.


 Antigen: A foreign particles into body is antigen. Antigen may be virus, bacteria, toxins etc. Antigens are responsible for cause specific types of diseases.

Antibody: When antigen enter into body, body produces antibody against this specific kinds of antigen.

Antibody plays a major role in our immune system. If someone contains sufficient level of antibody to protect Salmonella typhi, he will able to protect future infection by Salmonella typhi. Another things also happens

Examples of autoimmunue disorder are given below,

Most common autoimmune disorders are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis.

Mortality in autoimmune disorder

If the autoimmune disorder become severe then the mortality for autoimmune disorder increases.  Mortality is the rate of dath from the affacted population. The measures of mortality is done by the ratio of amount of individuals by a disease and number of individuals death by this disease.

Vulnerable condition of autoimmunue disease

Between man and women, women are most pron to autoimmunue disease. Several types of autoimmunue diseases are found very common In women than man. Hence, it is to say that women are most vulnerable to autoimmunue disease.

Quantum electrodynamics

Quantum electrodynamics is a part of modern physics that deals with the study of dynamic interaction between electrical force and magnetic force. In that sense quantum electrodynamics is the study of electromagnetism.

Additionally, quantum electrodynamics is nothing but a quantum theory concerned with electromagnetic force. Hence, first have to be familiar with the conception of electromagnetic force as well as electromagnetism.

An experimental result that is called Lamb Shift, allows scientists to predict about the conception of quantum electrodynamics. What is Lamb Shift? Lamb Shift is a deviation of energy level of atom or ion with the effect of quantum nature of electromagnetic field. The visual evidence of Lamb Shift is the shifting of the spectral line with the effect.
Electromagnetism
Magnetic field, electrical field, charged particles and electrical current all of these separate phenomenon have unique behaviour and characteristics. But yet all of these phenomenon in physics are closely related with each other in such an way that any kinds of changes of the any one of the phenomenon significantly results on other to changes.

Electromagnetism is a modern part of modern physics that deals with the the study of electric charged particles, electric current, electric field and magnetic field and interaction among these variables.

With the development of modern physics, electromagnetism got a modern form that is called quantum electrodynamics.  But the journey of electromagnetism toward quantum electrodynamics was not easier movement. Electromagnetism have to pass through a complex way of development of physics theorem.

Previous turning point of development of electromagnetism toward quantum electrodynamics is Relativistic quantum theory of electromagnetism. When, in 1928, scientist Paul Dirac published Relativistic quantum theory of electromagnetism that in next time leads to establishment of quantum electrodynamics.

Electromagnetic force

Quantum field theory is also called as a quantum theory of electromagnetic force. In 1940, scientist Feynman established a diagram which is called Feynman diagram. Feynman diagram shows that electromagnetic force is an interaction among the interacting particles.

How electric field and magnetic field interacts?

The particles that contains electric charge produces electric field. Again electric field can exerts a force on the particles that contains electric charges. Due to the effect of electric field on charged particles, electric charge starts to move. Hence, current flow starts. Not only that. With this effect produces magnetic field.

Tone and tune

Tone and tune is a part of physics that is implemented into music science. The physics of sound wave differentiate tone and tune on the basis of pattern, and wavelength. Music science defines tune as a combination of tone into a systematic pattern and structure.

Tone is the building block of tune. How with a combination of breaks one after another builds a house, as same with a proper combination of tone simultaneously with a systematic way and produce a patterned structure of sound is termed as tune.

Tone may emerged from any way. It may emerged from a wood chopping, it may emerged from an earthquake or may from a volcano eruption or . But the emergence of tune happens in a systematic way by controlling the sound wavelength by musical instrument.

Tone is a singular concept, but tune is a plural concept.  You utter  just a single sound Hampti. It is a tone of specific wavelength. In generally, tune have a specific types of characteristics that a tone have not. Tone can not produce music, but tune is the main elements of music.

Tuning in physics

Tuning is considered as an applied form of sound physics that is performed by various types of musical instruments in order to produce melodious music.

How tone produce tune?

Tone is a sound of specific wavelength. Each types of sound have each types of specific wavelength. But we know that the propagation of sound wave is dependable with the surroundings. The surrounding environment of sound can significantly changes the characteristics of sound wave.

In a normal sense, tone may be only a sound. Just think that you are chopping wood. There some sounds are producing. These should not be tune. These sound may not have any rhythm. The sound that forward just like a straight line is not rhythmic sound..

Sometimes you may talk with your friend when you are suffering from fever. You start to talking as same. You mentioned your friend and taking unusual gap of producing next word with your conversation. In that case what is happening in conversation. Only happening a nonrhythmic conversation.

Tune must have to be rhythmic and patterned structure. The tuning instruments produces tune by combination of different types of tone with their mutual merging as a result of patterned structure of sound.

Genetic mutation

 Genetic mutation is a process of producing a mutant gene that is different from the DNA of the mother cell. Simply to say, genetic mutation is a process of producing a new DNA that is somewhat changed with information.

 All of the structural and functional activity is just simply embedded into DNA with complex genetic coding language. All of the living organism in earth is based on genetic coding language where every functional activities of life is controlled by these coding language. Although, the extraterrestrial life such as alien is thought to a life based on computational coding life instead of genetic coding.

 In generally, mutation are in two kinds. Genetic mutation and chromosomal mutation. Genetic mutation changes the structure of a gene. On the other hand chromosomal mutation changes the whole chromosome. Another special type of mutation is found that is point mutation. Mutation only in one or few nucleotides is termed as point mutation.

Genetic coding

Genetic coding is a language that contains the all of the information of life.
 All of the structural and functional activities of living organism is embedded into a coding language.

How the each cell of the living organism will divided and will produce the new daughter cell is also embedded into coding language. We know the reproduction of new cell is driven by the cell division process. In animals body the cell division happens normally. If any kinds of abnormal cell division happens into body the  abnormal growth of the living organ happens. The abnormal cell division of the living organ leads to define the term as carcinoma and cancer.

Carcinoma is the previous stave of cancer. When the carcinoma state become severe them it is termed as cancer. Cancer is nothing but a condition of body of abnormal cell division.

Previously, physiologist were claimed a lot of causes responsible to cancwe producing. But a recent research done by Stanford university scientists, make all view of cancer cause to place under an unique platform. That is a common and core cause of all kinds of cancer is genetic mutation. It is exactly the harmful effect of genetic mutation.

But it is not any authentic cause of blaming mutation for responsible to cancer. But in life science mutating is very important of every development of living organism. This development of living organism included with structural development and functional development of living organism.

Just for example normal development of body is only a cause of mutation. If mutation is absence then it is not possible of physiological development.

Brain and body

Brain is the central part of the body system that controls all of the physiological function and activities of the body system. The animals intelligences based on brain. Scientists are spends about lot of time in order to measure the intelligences of different types of animals. On the basis of intelligences human are place and lucrative portion in animal world. Human are considered as most of the intelligent animal on the basis of few parameters. Among these parameter the most important is capability of using other substances as their daily usable instruments.

The knowledge on instrumental use is an measure of intelligences. After human, the crow and the monkeys are also bound to singing instruments.

After an wide scale of research and analysis, and very important there found an interesting relationship between brain size and body size.

Brain size and body size

The more of the body size does not mean that the animal will be significantly more intelligent. Even, in some case it may show opposite result.

In generally according to the theory of distribution of elements of animals body system, it may possible to get away Big sizes and weighted body  for an Big sizes animal. That is found true in different scientific experiment.  The graph of two variables follows an straight line. The more the body size, the more big the brain size. Simply, with the increasing of body size of animals the brain sizes also increases.

But with the measure of intelligences, there found different result. It is an very important question is that why elephant is not more intelligent than human, in spite of having its more Big brain size than human. Why the crows are more intelligent with its small sizes brain.

In order to discover the answer scientists collect physical brains of different animals. They weighted the brain of each animals. Previously they were weighted the body weight of each animals. They divided brain weight by body weight.
An interesting results are found that the ratio of brain weight and body weight is big for these animals in generally these are comparatively more efficient in problem solving.

So we can measure comparative measurement of intelligences. Brain weight and body weight ratio is the method of measurement. Graph of brain weight vs body weight shows a straight line.

Some external factors may impact on this relationship. We know that external environment plays an important role in development of animals intelligences. The learning system determines that how horizontal or vertical the straight line will be. Let consider brain weight are belongs to vertical line and the body weight is belongs to horizontal line. The straight line of intelligences in what degree will vertical depends on the external factors and previous history of the animals in terms of problem solving. Genetical role of the learning of problem solving will transfer into generation to generation.

Theory of mathematics, theory of physics, theory of genetics, theory of psychology and even the theory of cosmology everything is the determinant factor of measuring intelligences of animals.

The mathematical relationship of brain and body focuses on a straight line. The genetic theory of intelligences focuses on the impact on the straight line of intelligences by the genetic intelligences flows of generation to generation by a successive genotypic development. Physics and cosmology theorem says that intelligences development is not only concerned with biology. But it follows the complex theorem of physics and cosmologies. The evidence of cosmic life transformation into artificial intelligence shows us impacts of physics and cosmologies on development of intelligences. Geographical role significantly impacts on the intelligences.

In different geographic area same animals are shows different parameter of intelligences. The crows of Australia is not similarly intelligent to the Crows of Latin America in terms of specific types of problem solving. This have an interesting csuses The animals of different geographical area is differently familiar with different types of problem due to different environmental  behaviour of earth. For this reason the animals of different area developed their intelligences in different degree in order to solve the problem. so the straight line of the area of the animals of intelligences will tends to more vertical in more complex area. Because in these are, animals are more experience in problem solving.

Social impacts on intelligences graph

The animals these are mote social are more intelligent. Society significantly increase the intelligences. It is the universal theory for all animals that the more see the more learn. The social impact can significantly impacts on the brain and body graph.

Evolution

Adaption means something gain and adapt. With the stress of environment any change of biological structure and function of life in order to cope with the environment as well as overall survival need satisfaction is termed as biological adaption. A very common adaption we may be familiar with that is immunity. If anyone at anytime in his life infected by specific types of microorganism, body produces antibody against such types of microorganism for further protection. In this case the infected people adapted immunity. Adaption exactly grows for the surrounding effect that enables animals and plants for future protection of affects by these effects. The creosote bush is a desert plant that adapted to produce toxins in order to prevent of growing up of other plants near by it. This adaption of creosote bush in desert happens due to competition for nutrients. Creosote bush does want of increasing the competitor of nutrient. May be birds are such kinds of animal that may illustrate as a good example of adaption. The study of animals mind gives us different clues in terms of animals adaption. A very common and popular phrase we may be previously familiar with that is "Birds eyes view". Why and how this sentence took place in English literature that is not my consideration. But I think that this sentence of literature have scientific logic.
"Ancient Mariner" the famous story where we have found an wonderful prediction capability of ocean bird named Albatross. The role play of Albatross was just like a messenger that used to ensured the good news of ocean sailors.
Modern biological science proves the intelligences of birds that is amazing. Birds are found to solve problem in efficient way. A specific types of crows are found to using machine. It is thought that after human, birds are tends more to use instrument to solve problem. Cashing of food for future need is a conscious behaviour of birds. That indicates that birds have a capability of future planning. Rapid adaptability Adaptivility of bird is rapid than most of the animals. This power of adaptability of bird may flows from era to era through a complex learning process generation to generation. If we look back, what would be the earlier history of bird and its ancestors? History of birds adaption and evolution is glorious and most probably than any other animals. Scientists believes that the existing format of birds is gained from a long distance of adaptive journey through era to era amphibian to reptile and reptile to Avis. Hence birds have to passed a long distance of learning process from environment. Some of the scientist and archaeologists believes that dinosaurs are till now exists in earth in a specific types of bird format. This idea cames at first archaeologists discovered a new types of fossil of an animal that is somewhat similar with birds and somewhat similar with reptiles.

Though adaption and evolution both is concerned with change of life, but both two have some basic difference. Adaption is a phenotypic change of animals and plants. On the other hand evolution is genotypic change of animals and plants and that flows generation to generation. Evolution is a term that concerned with the message of changing feature of animals and plants survive to realisation. On the other hand adaption is a trait of an organism to better suited with environment. Just think about in a low land area one time per year happens flood regularly. The land animal in this area fall into victim of flood. Several times these have to swim if they never familiar with swimming. Several type spending in water may lead them to learn swim. This learning of the animals brain may lead phenotypic change of the body that can helpful for swimming. Even, genotypic change may happen that may result in after few generation next that reproduction of such types of animals that may survive in land and water. First phenomenon may define as adaption and second is evolution.

Happiness

Happiness is nothing but a comforts. In a normal sense it may be seems that happiness and sorrow related with each other inversely. That means the less sorrow level in life is more happiness. In this mathematical relationship zero level of sorrow means infinite level of happiness. But in real world this is impossible to find. In real life situation it is possible to find new phenomenon of happiness. Happiness is concerned with all types of pleasures in life. That includes with consumption of food to love. In simple view, it may say that in all satisfying of needs in human life produces happiness. According to Mosley's need pyramid, human beings drives for each of the needs to satisfy in their life. When human able to satisfies its one primary need then enjoy the happiness. But they never stop. They moves for next unsatisfied happiness. When an animal can manage an abundance of food they get satisfied after consumption of the food. Food is the primary need of all animals. Not only it on the basis of Mosley's needs theorem, but also it is an universal truth. Shelter, love, power, self esteem these are the different step of the needs pyramid that should be satisfied.
Relative nature of happiness The term relativity concerned with observers in terms of physics law. The law of physics says us that the mass or speed what we are observing of a matter travelling distance from us, exactly it will not same if we observe it in its stationary state. As same as if we want to measure the happiness of a people who is distance from us will not same as our measurement. The observed peoples happiness will measured by any body will be more than the accurate measurement by an observer in maximum case. That means an observers always tends to measures the peoples happiness of their neighbours, and they finally take a decision that this people is more happy than me. The people doing the job is more better than me. What happens in this case? The observers ignores the pain of this people that should never ignore. But with comparing the happiness observer never ignore the pain of himself.

 Pain and happiness

Pain and happiness goes on simultaneously in human mind. Pain and happiness just like a two side of a coin, head and tail. In human mind both pain and happiness exists altogether. One can not measures his happiness if he never experienced with pain. Just think your friend have already relieved from a miserable fever. You met with him and asked him "How are you"? He will reply loudly that he is fine and happy now. But if it would be happened before of his caught by fever, he would usually reply you as "well". Hence, it is clear that the degree of intensity of expressing the measure of happiness is somewhat depend on previous painful experiences.

Ecosystem of pain and happiness

Not each people is anxious for happiness. I found some classes of people in society that they search not only pleasure as well as pain.  This characteristics of human mind can only produce chaos surrounding someone. This destroys the happiness in social life. A few types of people you may find in society that they are making their life complex day by day. On the basis of simple and silly cause they are increasing their complexity in life. Although, they have an abundance of food security, a good social image, overall having an abundance of happiness, why they are taking pain considering these unnecessary causes. What are happening in their mind. Are they fulfilling the empty space of their mind where some pain should be exist. That is a balancing activity of the mind.

One of your friend came to you with two dress. One is white in colour and another is red in colour. He wants to give you one of the dress and you have given an option that what you likes more. You will tends to choose white colour dress if you like white colour.  But your movement of choosing white colour dress will be restricted by your thinking that you have two or more white colour of dress. You will tend to choosing red colour of dress if you do not extremely dislike this colour.

Put pain and happiness in a plate. What you will chose to pick up for you. Pain or happiness? In generally answer should be happiness. But in our real world happy peoples sometimes creates such environment surrounding themselves with their absence mind from where they can get some pain instead of pleasure. Exactly, a few number of peoples get pain by creating environment from where they can get pain. A few number of couple you will find that they are destroying their happy life only considering few unnecessary causes. A certain type of unnecessary question continuously harming their happy life. Is he or she forgetting me? Is he or she do not love me as before he had done? Why he or she does not love me as what I do? These social question increases complexity.
 When your friend spend time by watching movie then you spend your time Reading science journal. The two things movie and science journal  making happy both of yours differently. The movie that can make your friend happy, it may not make you happy. Another things is that same movie can never equally make happy two different people. It depends on individuals perception. Happiness is perceptual.

Symmetry breakdown

The sky, the moon, galaxies, stars, even everything in universe, the universe itself originate from big bang. The origin of each matter and energy of universe is started from big bang. With advancement of modern physics scientists are started to think about a unique mechanism of happening everything. They found a mechanism that is considering as a major cause of happening most of consequence of universe is called symmetry breakdown.
Symmetry breakdown is a mechanism of breaking a symmetric structure into another structure. In generally it is a transition of simpler state of matter into more complex state of matter or energies. Symmetry breakdown is happening in all species of the universe through the time traveling from one era to another era. Physicists of modern physics claims symmetry breaking for all evolution of universe . It may be happen into matter or within energies, even in biological evolution. In generally, symmetry breakdown changes the state into more complex state from the previous state. The dimension of water is easy to describe, but a snowflake is more complex to describe.  To describing a drop of water there need less information, but to describe a snowflak there need more information. What happened in case of converting water into snowflake? There happens a symmetry breaking. Physicists and cosmologists believe that the entire universe is expanded from a dense and hot state of matter and energy through a symmetry breakdown process. This is simply thought that symmetry breakdown makes new state that is more complex. The earlier universe was perfectly symmetric than that of existing universe. Once from a hot and dense state of universe started symmetry breakdown and continuing this breakdown with the traveling of time from one era to another era and the symmetry breakdown will also remain its continuty. When a perfect symmetric universe start to cooling from it's hot and dense state the the symmetry breakdown had started.  This phenomenon may compare with an analogy. A drop of water is symmetrical and hot state than the ice. Water when cooled than it convert into ice that is more complex state.  To better understand about symmetry breakdown it is very important to little understanding about symmetry.
 Symmetry is defined as a physical system that does not undergo any change after any tranaformation of its state of position. The transformation may be continuous or descrete. Everywhere we may find few examples of symmetry. Human beings are an example of symmetry in biological sense. In visually, left part and right part of our body is an example of symmetry. A butterfly is also a symmetric animal. But in physics the conception of symmetry shows us more complex terms and these symmetric nature.

Speed of light in different reference framework have same value. With position change the value does not changes. In view of physics, speed of light is symmetrical and that is termed as poincare group. Poincare group is a symmetry group of special relativity. Another important examples of symmetry is space time symmetry, circular disk of sun, repeated musical rhythm.

Flowers wings are distributed symmetrically.
 Symmetry of universe

 

 The whole universe is thought as spherically symmetrical. An observation of spinning of elementary particle "fermion" gives scientists an opportunity to think about the symmetric structure of universe. All of the elementary particles have spinning property. Fermion is spin 1/2 particle. There need 720 degree of rotation to return back its starting point from where it was started to rotate. But all other elementary particles need 360 degree of rotation to reach at the staring point. But scientists does not stoped. Scientists started to makes a correlation of universe with the fermions behaviour. In terms of cosmological study turning of 720 degree of rotation of universe pictures an identical copies of universe. The entire universe looks like spherically symmetrical. A few scientists believes in spherically symmetrical universe in view of multiple universe conception introducing simplicity.
 Symmetry breakdown in particle physics Symmetry breakdown in particle physics is very important. Because forming of super symmetry is based on the conception of symmetry breakdown. It is thought that once every particles and forces in universe were identical. Due to symmetry breakdown we found different matters and particles as well as different forces.

 From above discussion we can say that the four forces in universe created from an unique state after a successful transformation of symmetry breakdown. Different masses from leptons, fragmentation of electroweak force into electromagnetism and weak force, these are nothing but a result of symmetry breakdown.
Symmetry breakdown vs symmetry build up Due to our universal life properties, when we see something getting into destruction, with our conscious and unconscious mind we think about the opposite term "build up". A one symmetry breakdown may lead to build up other symmetry. This flow is symmetry starts from simpler symmetric form to complex symmetric form. In most of the physics law shows us symmetry journey to simpler to complex. But we can not completely ignore traveling of symmetry complex form to simpler form. Because a few scientists believes in  collapsing of universe. If collapsing happens really in future, it is possible to follow these path in what path expansion was happend. It should be consider with an example our our daily life habitual activity as an analogy. It is only analogical and philosophical. In which way you go to market from home, in habitually you usually return back to home in that. Although, there have different path of returning back.

Dark matter

The universe is composed of matter and energy. According to mass energy transformations equation by Albert Einstein, matter and energy can put into an unique platform that both of two phenomenon are a transformed form of each other.

In visual sense all of the matter of the universe is defined as the macro form of atom, even particle. Matter is a condensed form of energy.

In modern physics, physicists and cosmologists started to think about a new format of matter that is called dark matter. Dark matter is till now considered as an invisible hypothetical matter that have a potential difference from visual matter in some parameter. By the observation on gravitational effect on visible matter, on radiation and on the large scale structure of universe the conception about dark matter is found in favour of its existence and properties.

Properties of dark matter

 The property of dark matter is somewhat different from the visible matter. Dark matter can not absorb and emit light or electromagnetic radiation.

History of dark matter in that case dark matter shows a logical relationship with Black body as well as Black hole. In terms of Black hole conception, Black hole is a region In universe from where nothing can escape even electromagnetic radiation.

For better understanding of properties of dark matter just think about a phenomenon of optical physics concerned with colour.

Beautiful rainbow which is more clearly visible In sky after rain somewhat explains the properties of electromagnetic radiation of sunlight. Rainbow is nothing but only a dispersion of different wavelength of colour

At first Dark matter is postulated by Jan Oort in 1932. In 1933, Fritz Zwicky uses viral theorem in order to infer the matter these are invisible or till now never seen. This unseen matter was refereed as dunkle materie.

Galaxy rotation curve and dark matter

In 1939, scientist Horace W. Bablock discovered galaxy rotation curve. In 1960 to 1970 Vera Rubin and Kent Ford uses galaxy rotation curve in order to postulate dark matter.

Baryonic dark matter and non baryonic dark matter

Scientists have found from their long term research that  majority of dark matter  is made of non baryonic dark matter. The probable measure of baryonic dark matter is found from big bang neucleosynthesis. measurement of baryonic matter is about from 1 to 5 percent of critical density of entire universe. But this is also contrasted by other views. Some believes that the total matter of universe is about 30 percent of critical density.

Baryonic dark matter

Baryonic dark matter and non baryonic can be differ  with a few parameters. Baryonic dark matter can not detect by its edited radiation.

The composition of baryonic dark matter shows that it campused with baryons, neurons and protons.

In our universe, the total amount of dark matter if classified into two parts, baryonic and non baryonic, the most common examples of baryonic dark matter is non luminous gas, massive astrophysical halo objects,  Black holes, white drawfs, brown drawfs, briefing stars, planets, etc.

Non Baryonic dark matter

Axions, super symmetric particles are hypothetical particles. These are non baryonic dark matter. Though, baryonic dark matter is believes to form the elements of primitive universe during Big bang, non baryonic dark matter have No any role in this case.

In generally, available non baryonic dark matter is cold dark matter, warm dark matter and hot dark matter in believes of cosmologists.
Most of the hypothesis on non baryonic dark matter is based on cold dark matter hypothesis. Neutrinos are the examples of hot non baryonic dark matter. But neutrino can only form a small fraction of dark matter.


Physical evidence of dark matter

Globular cluster shows that they contain dark matter. From the velocity profile of stars, scientists found concentration of dark matter.

Motion of galaxies study provides most of the physical evidence of dark matter.

Fast moving object

With the starting of human civilisation, peoples were struggled with introducing flexibility in their life. Human beings were usually habitual to move one place to another place for different types of causes. Due to the moving nature of human civilisation were moved to place to place, region to region.

First conception of first moving

Most probably from the primitive period human beings thought about an effective way that they can move as fast as possible. They realised for something that can reduce their journey time. People learnt to return back to home before the sunset if they never face the ferocious wild animal in dark or if they can save themselves from any kinds of natural disaster.

Hunting was the only source of protein for primitive people. To alive food is mandatory. To search food going out from home is also mandatory. Looking for food, finding food is the basic struggle for all of the animals in earth. Because, animals are glucose dependent. It is the prominent difference of animal from plants. Plants do need need to move for food. Plant can produce energy sufficiently by photosynthesis process if sunlight is available sufficiently.

Hence, for survival need primitive peoples were familiar with hunting. Sometimes they have to move to far distance from their residence.But companion with the tension of returning back in home timely before sunset, were their daily irritable things. Hence, primitive peoples were started to think about effective way of moving forward as fast as possible.

Movement

In terms of physics, movement is changing of place. Very simply to say movement is nothing but a displacement of objects. Fast moving objects are these that displaced the length with shortest period of time. Objects movement is very important part of physics. In terms of physics and astrophysics, objects if it be massive or lighter have an universal characteristics of moving. Theory of big bang says that from the starting of universe, everything of the universe is getting distance from each other.

Development of fast moving in human society

First peoples were familiar with using started with the invention of wheel. Wheel is considered as the wonder invention of primitive people after fire. In that time animals energy were used to automating the wheels activity. In order to fast going horse power was widely used started from primitive period and till now it is continuing in some case.

Day to day peoples learns to invent steam engine. Invention of cars and railways happened in real life. The invention of railway made very easy and fast movement of peoples from one place to another place. Invention of plane introduced more fast in fast going.

Physics of first going

Continuously peoples all over the world is trying to introducing more fast movement as possible as they can. Fast moving obeys some roles of physics. How an object can move in more fast and speed? Let us think about at first that what may restrict fast moving of objects.

Gravity is an attraction of earth on an objects. If it be massive or lighter. Physicists have already been proved that the object with more speed shows less mass. That means the more speed of the objects relates with less mass of the objects. Speed and mass relationship is very clearly explained in special theory of relativity by Albert Einstein.

The object that will able to overcome the force of gravity that will achieve more speed and fast moving. The more overcoming the gravity attraction also relates in reducing mass of the objects. When any objects start to move approximately with the speed of light its mass will come closer to zero and negligible.

Engineering of fast moving transport invention is basically focused on reduction of the restriction during movement. The fast moving trains and planes exactly follows this rule.

Positive thinking

Positive thinking
Thinking is a science. In what way you will think, that is also an interesting science. Any consequence someone may think as positively and someone may think as negatively. But science says that the way of your thinking can significantly express your attitude and behaviour.

Full glass vs empty glass

A half glass of water you can explain as two different way. If you explain it as positive manner, you may explain as "half glass full of water" or in negative manner you may called "a half empty glass". But very interesting is that if the two simple answer if looks very simple, even, many people if ignore to notice it, It is universal truth is that psychologists can predict differently two different peoples future. What in their fate in future?
Scientists believes that the people of positive thinkers are more happy and success in their life than these who thinks the sequence as negatively.

The story of every success people shows that they were habitually positive thinker. The term habitual positive thinkers are these who thinks positively and thinking comes eternally and habitually.

Scientists are found just only a little smile increases the secretion of endorphin into body. Endorphin is such kinds of neurochemicals that is responsible to happiness and pleasure.

Optimism and pessimism

Psychologists classifies peoples into two class on the basis of their thinking way. Optimistic people and pessimistic people. Optimistic peoples are these peoples who at first thinks anything about positively. Pessimistic people thinks any think about in negative sense. From above illustration, the people said "a half glass full of water" it is nothing to doubt classify them as optimistic. Pessimistic people at first think something in negative way.

Physiological relationship of Optimism and Pessimism

Optimism and pessimism are two different traits concerned with psychology and science of mind and brain. But modern research shows that these two traits are interrelated with sound health else. Optimistic peoples are found in good health comparing with the pessimistic people.

Compare two people. One is all time in smiling face, happy and loves to social communication. On the other hand another people is conservative, physically ill, a sad and rude face. How you can differ them?

What is happening into the ill and sad people? Is he very sad due to his illness? or Is he ill, because he was sad and rude in most of his life time?

Optimistic people wins in life in most of the case. They shows less tendency of getting doubt in order to taking risk. They want to win with less considering the probability of loss. If loss comes they do not become more upset. When optimistic people determines to do then the pessimistic people thinks about If it will be nice thinking to do.

Fluctuation of optimism and pessimism

Optimism and pessimism depends on various factors. Environment plays an important role in this case. An optimistic people may not express as equally positive in all time. Environment can increase and reduce optimism. In a Soccer game, the crowding peoples in galleries and their shouting and praising significantly increase the confidence level of players. The higher confidence level can positively impacts on performance level.

Health benefit of positive thinking

Scientists have found a wide range of beneficial effects of positive thinking. In generally positive thinkers are in good and sound health. Optimism and positive thinking increases life span, reduces stress and depression of life. The patient of cardiovascular disease if pessimistic in nature, they are most vulnerable to death. But optimism reduces the death risk.

Believe that you can do

Only just a one single thing that can turn the performance of life that is you can do it. Recent scientific research shows that only making someone just only a believe that he can do this can significantly increases the performance level.

Music and language relation

In term of physics, music is nothing but a varying patterns of sound that is recognisable by animals. I am not mentioning music is only for human, rather it is also for animals. Because, different types of animals are found to response with music. Some of the case these are more apparent than human. Music is a sound with the characteristics of patterns, repetition and harmony. Without these characteristics sound may not consider as music. Musical instruments are these types of physical entity that gives these properties of sound through an effective tuning process. The two of the term, song and music is equally important for the musicians and singers. In our visual sense both of these may seem a different phenomenon, but with an analysis of physics law of wave theory both of the two phenomenon have a unique core value and meanings. Only the difference of music and sing from their origins.

Music emerged from non livings organ. On the other hand song emerged from the living organs. From the primitive period of earth, the animals were familiar with music and song for their pleasure and relaxation. May be from all of the animals singing is most popular culture in birds. All over the birds sings for specific types of reason. Song and music though a same meanings and properties, but they are different from their origins. The common properties that both have are patterned structure, harmony and repetition.

Another basic difference of song and music is that music only based on producing of melody sound that can make pleasure of animals. But in terms of song, most of the case singers gives priority to introduce such kinds of word that should be significant meanings.

Where musics are a combination of sound that have patterned structure, harmony and measurable repetition. On the other hand song is the combination of words that creates melody with its property of patterns, harmony and measurable repetition.

In terms of physics law of wave theory, song and music can place in one platform. Again we can think about the objectives of song and music.

Objectives of song and music

From the primitive period, song and musics are found as a source of pleasure. Both have a significant role in animals physiological process that is responsible for creating pleasure.

For getting pleasure a one kind of responsible hormone in our body is called Dopamine. Dopamine increases pleasure as pain.  Scientists have prove that significant types of music increases the Dopamine level into body in significant level. This dopamine secretion may be related with the harmony, frequency and intensity of the patterned sound. In that view a patterned harmonic sound scientifically can give pea sure.

For this cause in most of the singers are found, some of the case to avoid language meanings in order to matching their words with the musical harmony. Because scientifically, a combination of harmonic word if match with the harmonic music can combined produce more pleasure to audience in psychological and biological process.

Music and song relationship with language

Language have a significant role in music science in order to produce good melody. Hence, music should be properly match with the language pattern of song. If that does not happen then the total combination of music and song may be not acceptable by the audience.

Now the question is that how the proper combination will happen. In order to introduce melody singers in different countries are found that as possible as they are avoiding the complex words of language. They are found to select the easier format of words. In this case easier means not to understandable easily, but to utter easily through vocal chord.

In a language there may have different types of word. Same word that you may feel very difficult by your vocal chord, it may be very easy by to utter its synonym.

For a good melody and harmony of music and song such kinds of adjustment is very important. But in this case only a great problem is that in some of the case language became difficult to understand. This problem also should be margin. Because, pleasure have a significant relationship with understandable language.

Just think, someone wishes you with his own language. You could not understand. You did not find pleasure, because you did not understand.

Hence, in order to produce a good song there need different factors to mutually combine. The language pattern should be highly match with the pattern of musical harmony as well as language should as possible as understandable and simple.