Musical acoustic physics

Musical acoustic

 

Musical acoustic is a science that describes and research on producing of music using different pitches of sound. The different parts of musical acoustic is study of musical instrument, study of voice, study of computerised melody, and speech science and song.

Foundation of musical acoustics

The foundation of musical acoustics are based on a mechanism of merging of music. Two different pitches of sound have two different wavelength and different pitches. If these different pitches of sound let to play in same time there happens a consequence. Two different pitches of sound wave interact with each other and produce a new format of sound wave.

Musical acoustics and its implementation

Musical acoustics is also not in limited implementation and application on music science. Besides of music science the study of musical acoustics already expanded its field to different area of science. These fields of musical acoustics are as these given bellow,

Mechanical study of musical instrument

The mechanical study of musical instrument is concerned with producing musical instrument, pressure of air and the vector study of air movement. This part of musical acoustics is one of the function of applied physics.

Physics study of musical acoustics

Musical acoustics are also called the acoustic physics. Musical accosting in generally a study of sound and wavelength of the sound.

Computer analysis

Human air and brain can feel the influence and impacts of musics. But in really draw a picture of music as well as measuring the mathematical model of music or even to picture a geometrical shape of music a study of computerised analysis of music became an important part of musical acoustics.

Psychoaccoustics

Psychoaccoustics is a part of musical acoustics that deals with the music wavelength that relates music with psychology and cognitive science. It is also called music cognition.

Objectives of musical acoustics

Specially most beneficial learner of musical acoustics are composer and musician. Once when all over the world musician feels a great range of unsuitable situation in producing good music then the study of musical acoustic became popular. Though, from the earlier stage of science and physics the science of musical acoustics were previously existed in physics.

The main and core objective of musical acoustic is to produce good music and concerned different factors with that.

The producing of different pitches of music is a physical aspects of physics. But human hair a music  there plays biological and neurological role how he feel about the music. Just think about a phenomenon. A combination of different pitches of sound may produce an another wavelength of sound. But very sad matter is that this wavelength of sound may be very rude to the audience. What you will called this sound?

This wavelength of sound will be called music that must have a patterned structure, rhythm and harmony. Besides of this a cognitive study is very important in order to defining sound as a music to different group of people.

In ear physics make a relation with biology and cognitive science. Ear is the primary auditory organ of animals where different wavelength of sounds reaches. The different wavelength of sounds that hits on ear is analyse and coded by brain. Then brain defines sound as musical or rude. This coding and analysis by brain varies people to people.

Scientific relation of music with scientists

From the primitive time of science an wonderful relationship of music with science were very clear. Scientists were found with music as well as they were very expert on music. This involvement of scientists were aggressively found from the Pythagorian period. Using natural selection process most of the scientists became famous musician. Till now most of the scientists will found that they are very found of music and too much expert in music.

It should not be very wonderful matter if you see a physicist are creating rhythm and harmony with his piano. Rather it should be happen. It is a natural and as usual term that a physicist should be good musician.

The relationship of music with scientists is possible to discuss scientifically. Let divide our discussion into two separate part. One is the cause of becoming very found with music and second is the cause of scientists being expert of music production.

Both of the two consequence happens due to some interrelated as well as some separate reason.
Why scientists become very found of music?
In this case some of the psychological, biochemical, physics law plays important role of scientists becoming of very found with music. Let us analyze the psychological cause of scientists becoming of very found with music.

Psychological cause

We everybody knows about the view of scientists. The main objectives of a scientist is discovering a new things. Finding a way of solution of problem. But it is not an easy task and even quite difficult. Most of the scientist you will found spending of hole life struggling with finding the new way of effective solution of the problem and to leave the life without finding no solution.

With above discussion we find a characteristics of scientists that is a great expectation of finding new way of solution. The natural psychology of human beings says that most of the expectation of life should satisfy for mental peace and comfort. If any expectation become impossible to satisfy completely, that at least it should be satisfy partially.

Just think, you have a great expectation of becoming a friend with your classmate who is the most beautiful girl in your class. You proposed her of your friendship and rejected .  What a sad matter? You get pain. Because your expectation is remaining unsatisfying.. A pain emerged in your mind. What may be the option of cure from the pain. You should make a balance pleasure with pain. The natural law of psychology will stimulate you to search something that may give you pleasure which should be responsible to reduce pain.

Music is very common scientific term that can give pleasure to you. When peoples become sorrow with some pain for unsatisfied need they tends to do something that can significantly reduces the pain.

Scientists when tired with searching new things for a long period of time and get pain due to their long period of unsatisfying of their need. This unsatisfying of need sometimes leads them to such things that can provide them pleasure.

Love for gained skill

Human have an extraordinary characteristics of loving something. They loves these what they knows better. In this case loving of something is in most of the case dependent on humans own skill. You will tend to do this that you will do better.

Music is a scientific term concerned with physics, biochemistry, psychology and mathematics. Scientists become more familiar with music with their own lives adaptive development. Due to becoming with more familiar with the natural selection process scientific people become very mostly fan of music.

You can do an experiment. Just select your few number of scientific friend. You can select them in random selection process. Go to their reading room. In most of the case you may find a lot of music albums are in their room.

Why scientists easily become expert of music?

Using natural selection process scientists can become more expert in music and composing of music. Scientists become more familiar with the theory of music and gained skill of composing music naturally with their absence of mind.

Relativistic quantum mechanics

Introduction of relativistic quantum mechanics

 

The study of motion of the objects are actually starts with the emergence of Newtonian classical mechanics. But scientists found a drawbacks of Newtonian classical mechanics that is inapplicability of Newtonian classical mechanics into particle like objects motion that exactly moves with speed of light.Though, the Newtonian classical mechanics made an earlier foundation of physics, but in terms of explaining the behaviour of particles as well as speed of light, it became outdated. In order to describe the motion of lighter particles a new branch of physics is established that is called quantum mechanics.

Both two major foundation of physics, Newtonian classical mechanics and quantum mechanics occupied two different place in modern physics differently. classical mechanics is unique for massive objects motion study and quantum mechanics is concerned with the motion of lighter particles, such as electron.

But the behaviour of physics and scientists is tends to go to unification that can explains different phenomenon with unique central view. Grand unification theorem is the results of such kinds of unification tendencies of physics laws.

relativistic quantum mechanics is one of the unification of physics that can reduce the theoretical and logical distance between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics.

Relativistic quantum mechanics

Relativistic quantum mechanics is a developed form of quantum mechanics and Newtonian classical mechanics that is applicable in massive objects as well as particles that moves with speed of light. It is a Poincare co variant formulation of quantum mechanics.

The relativistic quantum mechanics extends the application of non relativistic quantum mechanics. Where non relativistic quantum mechanics is applied in Galilean relativity, the relativistic quantum mechanics is applicable in special theory of relativity.

The great advantage of relativistic quantum mechanics more than quantum mechanics is in prediction of antimatter, fine structure, electron spin and spin magnetic moment, charged particles quantum dynamics in electromagnetic field.

Though, in some of the field relativistic quantum mechanics may be become only a self consistent theory. For example, relativistic quantum mechanics cannot explain the phenomenon of matter creation and matter annihilation. But the advancement of relativistic quantum theory toward relativistic quantum field theory already minimise these drawbacks.

Relativistic quantum mechanics in space and time

In non relativistic quantum mechanics and Newtonian classical mechanics time is an absolute quantity and independent with space. But in relativistic conception of quantum mechanics time is not absolute value, even not independent with space.

Relativistic quantum mechanics spreads its application in different fields of physics. In particle physics, high energy physics, accelerator physics condensed matter physics, even in chemistry relativistic quantum mechanics have a wide range of activity.

Mass energy transformation equation

Einstein's mass energy transformation equation

Albert Einstein established an equation that explains the relationship between mass and energy. This equation also explains how matter transform into energy. It is also called mass energy transformation equation. Mathematically mass energy transformation equation is expressed as bellow,

E = mc²

From above equation the symbol E is denoted for energy, m is for mass and c is for speed of light.
Matter and energy inter transformation
Matter can transform into energy explained by Einstein's mass energy transformation equation. In opposite manner energy also can transform into matter. If it was impossible to transform energy into mass then it was impossible to form our existing universe. Think about Big Bang. The first nucleus of the universe was created after three minute of Big Bang. What was the initial state before the Big Bang?

An analysis of big bang theory shows that after big bang a hot and dense energy state started to rapid cooling. This rapid changing of energy state stimulates to transform of energy into matter. Scientists believes that three minute after big bang the first nucleus of the universe formed. The matter of the entire universe is the such kinds of results of transformation of energy into matter.

In modern physics, different theories and laws gives us evidence of transformation of energy into one state to another state.

Matter and energy

In terns of physics, matter is something object that can occupy space, have volume and shape as well as can measure with weight. Mass is the unique property of matter. Though, in modern physics the conception of mass became debatable after the experimental result of falling bodies in vacuum. When scientists found that in vacuum different mass of matter falls in a same time then the doubt about mass aroused.

Energy is considered as the different phenomenon of matter. The core point of the creation of universe is concentrated into two topics. One is energy and another is matter. Cosmologists and physicists believes that the entire universe is consists of matter and some forces. Examples of these forces are strong force, weak force, electroweak force, etc.

The conception of traditional energy is getting change. With the development of physics and the theory of our entire universe matter and energy is taking place into one single continuum. Matter is nothing but a coalesced or condensed form of energy may not a talkative speech. It may be true.

The earlier stage of the universe gives us the idea that can lead us to say matter is a transform of energy. The mass energy transformation equation by Albert Einstein shows  us that a small amount of mass can transform into huge amount of energy with sufficient condition. If we think the opposite view of mass energy transformation equation, we find a logic that a huge amount of energy can condenses into small amount of mass with sufficient condition.

What should be the sufficient condition of transforming huge amount of energy into small amount of matter? This answer may be clearly or partially found by drawing a picture of earlier universe during big bang. Because, scientists says that first nucleus of the universe is formed after three minute of big bang. Scientists also believes that this kinds of transformation happens due to the rapid coalesced of hot and dense state of energy of the earlier universe.

Physics of flight of birds and aerospace

Humans dreams to fly
It was the ancient dream of human to fly into sky just like. To make the dream in reality human tried several time in several period from thousands years ago. But every step of the experiment went to dust with results of injuries and broken bones. They made wings and bound with two arms and tried to fly. But they failed. Because to fly there need more things that is more important from wings. There have a role of physics to fly.

Who can fly?

Most of the birds are able to fly. Not only bird some insects can fly. In generally, the animals that have wings wings are seen to capable to fly.

 The mysterious of birds flight in concentrated into a physics theorem. The modern physics shows us that to fly there need more important things than the weight. Lighter weight is very important part to fly. In birds flying there have another role of physics besides of the lighter weight of birds.

Birds flight is somewhat similar with the swimming. How we able to swim? Archimedes law of physics shows us that how we can swim. In this case Archimedes blamed to the density. If the density

The physical shape of bird allows birds to fly. When birds expands there wings there found two different shape of the upper surface of the wing and the lower surface of the wing. The upper surface allows airs to faster flow over the upper surface. On the other hand the lower surface of wings allow air to flow comparatively low speed. Hence the density of the air at the lower side of birds wings are very high. On the other hand  the density of air on the upper surface of wings is comparatively low. Hence the air of the lower portion creates more pressure to lift. In this way the higher air pressure allow birds to fly easily. Same mechanism helps birds to move forward during flight.

Flight of aerospace and the flight of bird

Same mechanism and engineering of physics is appropriate in both two case. What mechanism is required to flight of bird, same mechanism is applied to flight of aerospace. It is a function of air flow. 

Just think what exist surrounding us? What we see empty surrounding us with our visual eye, is exactly not empty. There have a full of air. The air creates pressure on us. If we through an object into space, there happens different air pressure on the objects. objects faces pressure of air from all sides.

Another forces of universe does not allow to objects to go away continuously to upward and make it to return back to the earth. That is force of gravity. In order to remaining stable existence in space there required a force that is opposite direction of gravity and that must have to be sufficient force that can avoid the force of gravity. In this case pressure of the air from lower side of the object can minimise the force of gravity. But there also have another force that also increase the probability of return back of the object to the earth. That is air pressure from the upper side of the objects. But If applying any mechanism if it possible to reduce the air pressure of upper side than the air pressure of lower side then the object will lift upward.

Stimulus and response

Both of two term, stimulus and response is a scientific theme to we are familiar in our daily life. These scientific facts are becoming more important in every professional people to understand and do something based on stimulus and response measurement.

A teacher, a musician, a singer, a sales people have to measure the amount of response against their every stimulus.

What is stimulus and response?

Just think simply, you you said someone that you like him, he or she smiled. You measure that this people got pleasure. This pleasure is a response. The sentence you have said him is stimulus.

Stimulus and response in most of the case follows a straight line if there plot a graph. The more stimulus in positive manner, the more the response is positively. But this may not in all time true. Sometimes it may show opposite result. Just think, a boy is trying to make pleasure his girlfriend, saying that he loves her a lot of. His girl got pleased and pleasure. The good stimulus resulted into good response. Again the boy said he loves her a lot of. Again the girl got pleased and pleasure. The boy started to repeating that again and again. Once a time the gir feels irritable and got angered. She replied that she hate him. In this case an excessive good stimulus results into bad response. Because, excess everything is bad.

Measurement of stimulus and response

Stimulus and response measurement is important in every situation in order to development of performance.

A teacher should measure the response of students. With the response measurement he will able to measure the stimulus. In a classroom if a teacher see that some of the students in back bach are seems to be inattentive. In this case teacher will able to measure the response of students and his own stimulus. This measurement will take him in  a way to to develop the stimulus.

Stimulus and response measurement for musician and singers are more complex and very important. This type of measurement some of the case become immeasurable. But in order to become a famous singer and musician it is very important.

A produced music of a patterned wavelength by a musician is a stimulus for audience. The behaviour of the audience against the music is response. If the music contains a patterned structure, harmony and rhythm the music will impact a wide scale on audience all over the world. The behavior of the audience toward the music is termed as response.

Another most common and well known examples of stimulus and response may found from Russian scientist and psychologist Pavlov experiment on dog. Pavlov shows that how just a bell ring impacts on a dog to saliva secretion. These dogs were familiar with the bell ring as an invitation signal of before giving them food and meal. In this case the bell ring is a stimulus for the dogs. The secretion of saliva is response.

An effective music with harmony and rhythm can significantly produce pleasure. The measures of harmony and rhythm is the measures of stimulus and the measures of pleasure is response.

Geographical relationship of music

Though, music is an authentic source of pleasure and enjoyment all over the world for different cultural people, but it contains different feature and properties of enjoyment in different eye view in different people. Hence, the patterns and harmonics of musics varies geography to geography. Different people in different region are found with different patterns of music. How a type of patterned music make pleasure in Asian people, it may not give same degree of pleasure to European people.

Influence of music in different region

The measure of influence is an term that how surroundings are response with the cause of all phenomenon. The influence of all music is measured by the response of the audience with the effect of the music. When with an effect of all rock music results in dancing by the audience indicates that music have influenced properly to these audiences. As same as when an sad music makes crying to the people, indicates the music done an effective influence.

All over the world musicians are producing music with an view of that their produced music will results in an good influence. And proper influential music is an measure of quality of the music.

The scientific matter is that not each music equally make influence on all type of people. The musical influential effect differs in different country and different region.

The musical pattern of Latin America is differ from the musical pattern of Asia or united state. The musics emerged from Indian region is also differs from the Chinese music. W

The musics of middle east also differs from the music of other regions of the world.

Why musical patterns differs in region to region?

There have a lot of causes to happen such things. Different factors plays different role in human life. In a successive production of music there need different factors role implementation.

Most of the scientist may claim this cause as the social values and cultures. Because social culture impacts in a large scale on human mind. If we think music as an excited expression of mind, then we can accept this cause as an unique responsible cause. But there may have some hidden cause concerned with physics, language and physiology. Even it may concern with other scientific phenomenon.


Language stimulus and response is very important in diversity of music geography to geography. Different people in different region of the world learnt different language. Different word produce different wavelength of sound. Different wavelength of sound combination can produce different patterns of music. Not each word can produce rhythm equally. Not each people all over the wold can produce similarr wavelength of sound. For this cause music differs geography to geography.

Skin pigmentation

Skin pigmentation is just a coloration with the effect of melanin. Exactly, pigmentation happened in human body and skin with an expose of sun burn. There have another cause of skin pigmentation. Addison disease is one of the most common cause of skin pigmentation. In generally, pigmentation is a colouration of skin that exactly causes darker of the skin. The responsible constituent of skin darkening is melanin. when skin  produces melanin it appears as a dark color. The more the melanin level in skin the more darker the skin. Damaged skin produces more melanin.

Sun burn is a major cause of skin pigmentation. sunlight significantly damages skin cells. these damaged skin cells produces more melanin into skin.

Another disease condition that is called Vitiligo. Vitiligo is responsible of patches of skin.

Genetic condition and its impact on skin

Some genetic condition can impact on skin in severer range. Albinism is such kinds of genetic condition that significantly impacts on skin. Due to the effect of albinism skin get no color condition. Some of the time the condition of colour of skin is lighter than the normal color may defined as the albinism.

Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation is a condition that refferes as a dark spot of skin surrounded by the lighter skin. It is a result of over melanin condition in a specific part of skin. hyperpigmentation are found mostly in old age. Though, in any age people can suffer with hyperpigmentation.

In women, there have some common cause of hyperpigmentation. Pregnency is one of the most common cause of hyperpigmentation.

Mathematics of music science

Music
According to Greek philosophers music is nothing but a term of culture, art and creativity. But though, the view of Greek philosophers never agree music as a considerable topics of physics of sound, most of the modern physicist and musician called music is an application of physics. Music is a specific wavelength of sound that have a patterned structure, rhythm and harmony. When any sound contains some characteristics for which animals get pleasure for these scientific characteristics of sound may call music. Not each sound is music. Music is not only a study of arts and culture. Scientists included music in the part of physics. Biologist also made a relationship of music with life science. It can never be ignore that how music can make people happy. It also can not ignore how music make a significant impacts on animals behaviour. It must have a biological, physiological, psychological and chemical relationship that exactly make an animal to dance with the effect of music.

It is also not a subject of wonder to know that music have a significant and measurable role of mathematics.
In music study the core constituent of musics are counting, rhythm, scales, patterns, harmonies, time signature, overtone. tone, tune, pitch, symbols and intervals are very important. In order to producing a good music these terms are mandatory of consideration. Scientists have found that these musical terms are interrelated with mathematics. These constituents of music follows the role of mathematics.

The mathematical relationship of music is not a new conception of science. Exactly, from the earlier most of the scientists, musicians and mathematicians were thought about the interrelation of music with mathematical role.

Mathematical relationship in all types of music

All types of music all over the world follows a mathematical role. If it be classical, rock, opera, pop, folk, Jazz, emotional or contemporous types of music, whatever, each types are tends to follow a mathematical role.

Music and mathematics

Sound is the topics of physics that is the base of producing a good music. In a music the wavelength of the sound follows a mathematical role that es expressible by certain types of numerical values. Musicians and composers tends to follow set theory, number theory, abstract algebra in order to produce a good music. In some of the case the mathematical term golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers are found to incorporate to produce a good music.

From ancient time the aspects of music and mathematics relationship are tried to discover nation to nation. Chinese, Indians, Mesopotamians, Egyptian and Greek civilisation were studied from different parameter to discover the true. Chinese, Indians, Mesopotamians and Egyptians discovered the sounds mathematical role. Greek mathematician Pythagoras at first expressed musical scale with numerical ratio.
Harmony of music
What we call harmony of music, is well known as musical acoustic in physics. Scientific period of Plato was the very important era of music study. In this period harmony was thought as an important part of physics.

Time, rhythm and meter

A music must have to process a rhythmic structure. Without rhythm music is impossible. What should be the feature of rhythmic structure? It may be very difficult to define with understandable word, but it may very easily make understandable with some example./> First consider the wave of the sea. Water is flowing by a rhythmic structure making ups and down of the water surface.

Look at the human body. How functions our hearts? How act our body circulatory system? The repetition of pulse follows a rhythmic way. Repetition of any consequence after a specific time gap is a fundamental property of rhythm.
In the study of astronomy and physics, the two terms are very important. These are meter and measure. In terms of arithmetic counting, even in time and periodicity both of the term have a significant role.

Music as treatment of disease

Music and treatment relationship

A lot of evidence is possible to found that patient feels better with contact of good and melodious music. It may be impact in such a way that patient get feel good without his own notice. Music can never be classify into art and creativity, even into physics. Music is a subject of a combination of arts, physics and biology's. Music have a wide range of impact on physiological process. If someone ignore this universal truth, then I have to say, If music have no any biological, physiological and psychological relationship then every music will go into dust.

Why famous musicians and singers are struggling to produce good music. That is only for make good satisfaction of human. Nothing can possible to produce without need. If human and animals are the final consumer of music and song then it have to agree that exactly there have a physiological role of human into animals body.

Now we can think about how music impacts into body? Both way it may impact. Impact may be good and bad. If we exclude the bad impact, existing good impact we may utilise in medical science in order to development of health condition.

Song against fairness

Just let us to tell a ghost story. As a scientific people I claimed it was only a hallucination. But in that moment I was afraid enough. Once a day in my village at night time outside from my house I was using Internet sitting on a deck. Just a one tea stall were opened and a few number of people were crowding in front of tea stall. I was too much concentrate into social media website that I did not notice when tea stall have been closed and all of the peoples left away the place and returned back to their home. The place became more darker.When I realised to return back to home, I feel it is midnight. I have started to walk. Within few minute I have realised that I have going toward the wrong road. Exactly, I were feeling the wrong road as right. Sudden I feeled I were standing in a wrong place and completely failed to recognise toward i should move. I am not finding nobody nearby me to help. But it was clear that I had lost my way. I was too much afraid. In that moment I realised to sing a song. I have done this. After few moment I have realised that I am fine. I abled to recognise my right way.

In order to becoming brave, most of the people I have found that they sings song when they walk through the dark road. Song significantly reduces cowardliness.
 Song makes people courageous.

Cervical cancer

It is is not a subject to ignore, even it is not to afraid. Because a proper knowledge on cervical cancer can prevent unnecessary and unpredictable death of women all over the world.

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is considered as the most of the common cause of death of women all over the world. Besides of breast cancer, cervical cancer is very dangerous type of cancer for women. Cervical cancer is commonly classified as STD type disease caused by the infection of HPV virus.

The statics of cervical cancer done by American cancer society in 2015, shows that in United State every year 12900 new case of cervical cancer is found and 4100 women deaths are found every year for cervical cancer.

The demographic study on cervical cancer in united States also shows that Hispanic women are most likely high rate of causing cervical cancer. On the other hand American Indian and Alaskan native women are found lowest risk of cervical cancer.
 To know details about cervical cancer first to know about cancer. Cancer is a condition designated by abnormal cell division. Someone can make a misunderstanding between tumour and cancer. Every tumour is not cancer. The tumour that is not a cancer, can define it as benign.

Infection stage

Any girl or woman can not defined as a cancerous patient after infecting by HPV virus. Because, there have different stage of development of cervical cancer. A cervical cancer develop from normal cell to cancer through a precancerous stage. The precancerous stage is in three types. CIN, SIL and dysplasia.

CIN means cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. SIL means squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Types of cervical cancer
The main two types of cervical cancer is squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
Risk factor of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a one kind of Std class disease for women. Human Papiloma Virus can causes cervical cancer to women with no may lead to unwanted death. Scientists discovered a large scales of risk factors. One of the most prominent risk factor is lacking of awareness. Social value of interrelation is another kinds of risk factor. Just like other Std class disease it is very risk to death, but very alarming is that the protection of Job is somewhat very difficult.
Protection and prevention
Prevention is more better than protection. Prevention means an initiative action against future infection. That is a step towards immunity. Vaccination is the most effective way of getting immunity. Vaccination is an adaptive process of adaption of immunity. Immunity means the capability of body system to fight against specific types of antigen. Any kinds of minor amount of antigen when into enter body that give signals to body to produce antibody for future protection and prevention of foreign particles.
 Exactly, vaccines are nothing but a reduced power of disease causing shriven that can not causes disease due to reducing its capability.

Autoimmune disease

Autoimmune disease Autoimmune disease is one kind of physical disorder caused by increased level of immunue attack. Most of the case autoimmunue disorder is found in women. Though man and woman both can affact by autoimmune disorder. For better understanding of autoimmune disorder it is very important to know immunity of body. Immunity  Immunity is a degree of defence power of body against foreign particles into body. The body defence system is called immunity of the body. Immunity of the body of the animals are dependent on the immunue system.

There have different types of immunity In our body system. Immunity Ingenerally means a protective and preventive, in addition a defensive system of oour body that is responsible to   restricting of entering the harmful substance into the body. Outer layer skin of ooour body is an example of such kinds of protecting system. The level of antibody into the body is the main component of immunity. Shrinkage plays a vital role of protecting life from specific types of antigen.

When some forrign particles enter into body, immunity recognised it as a foreign harmful particle and attack on this foreign particle.

When autoimmune disorder happens?

An autoimmune disorder starts when body immunue system wrongly identify the body organs as a harmfull particles and attack these to destroy. Sometimes antibody can identify the bone as a foreign particles of the body. When they identify the organs as the harmful foreign particle, their natural characteristics stimulates these to attack and destroy. The core function of our immunue system is antigen antibody response. Let us describe antigen antibody function in our body.


 Antigen: A foreign particles into body is antigen. Antigen may be virus, bacteria, toxins etc. Antigens are responsible for cause specific types of diseases.

Antibody: When antigen enter into body, body produces antibody against this specific kinds of antigen.

Antibody plays a major role in our immune system. If someone contains sufficient level of antibody to protect Salmonella typhi, he will able to protect future infection by Salmonella typhi. Another things also happens

Examples of autoimmunue disorder are given below,

Most common autoimmune disorders are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis.

Mortality in autoimmune disorder

If the autoimmune disorder become severe then the mortality for autoimmune disorder increases.  Mortality is the rate of dath from the affacted population. The measures of mortality is done by the ratio of amount of individuals by a disease and number of individuals death by this disease.

Vulnerable condition of autoimmunue disease

Between man and women, women are most pron to autoimmunue disease. Several types of autoimmunue diseases are found very common In women than man. Hence, it is to say that women are most vulnerable to autoimmunue disease.

Quantum electrodynamics

Quantum electrodynamics is a part of modern physics that deals with the study of dynamic interaction between electrical force and magnetic force. In that sense quantum electrodynamics is the study of electromagnetism.

Additionally, quantum electrodynamics is nothing but a quantum theory concerned with electromagnetic force. Hence, first have to be familiar with the conception of electromagnetic force as well as electromagnetism.

An experimental result that is called Lamb Shift, allows scientists to predict about the conception of quantum electrodynamics. What is Lamb Shift? Lamb Shift is a deviation of energy level of atom or ion with the effect of quantum nature of electromagnetic field. The visual evidence of Lamb Shift is the shifting of the spectral line with the effect.
Electromagnetism
Magnetic field, electrical field, charged particles and electrical current all of these separate phenomenon have unique behaviour and characteristics. But yet all of these phenomenon in physics are closely related with each other in such an way that any kinds of changes of the any one of the phenomenon significantly results on other to changes.

Electromagnetism is a modern part of modern physics that deals with the the study of electric charged particles, electric current, electric field and magnetic field and interaction among these variables.

With the development of modern physics, electromagnetism got a modern form that is called quantum electrodynamics.  But the journey of electromagnetism toward quantum electrodynamics was not easier movement. Electromagnetism have to pass through a complex way of development of physics theorem.

Previous turning point of development of electromagnetism toward quantum electrodynamics is Relativistic quantum theory of electromagnetism. When, in 1928, scientist Paul Dirac published Relativistic quantum theory of electromagnetism that in next time leads to establishment of quantum electrodynamics.

Electromagnetic force

Quantum field theory is also called as a quantum theory of electromagnetic force. In 1940, scientist Feynman established a diagram which is called Feynman diagram. Feynman diagram shows that electromagnetic force is an interaction among the interacting particles.

How electric field and magnetic field interacts?

The particles that contains electric charge produces electric field. Again electric field can exerts a force on the particles that contains electric charges. Due to the effect of electric field on charged particles, electric charge starts to move. Hence, current flow starts. Not only that. With this effect produces magnetic field.