Thursday 30 April 2015
Different atomic model
Atomic model
To explain the characteristics of atom and structure of atom there have few important model of atom that can give some clear idea about atom. Among these atomic models the most popular and well known atomic model is Rutherford's atomic model and Bohr's atomic model. Though there have some limitations these atomic models opens a new door in chemistry and physics.
Rutherford's atomic model
Rutherford in his atomic model compare the moving electron with the nature of the planets surrounding the sun. Rutherford explains in his atomic model as negatively charged electron orbit surrounding the nucleus that is center of the atom and positively charged. Electron also orbit by its own axis. This statement in Rutherfords atomic model is as same as the model of planets orbiting surrounding the sun by an elliptical path. Rutjerfords atomic model also explains that the whole of the mass of the atom is concentrated into nucleus. Though an atom is a smaller part of any elements, it is more bigger from a nucleus. The volume of a nucleus is negligible with the volume of an atom. In atom there have an electrostatic attraction force between negatively charged electron and positively charged nucleus.
Rutherford's atomic model's limitation
Rutherfords atomic model is not free of drawbacks. Exactly to say that electron will not orbit by an exact shell that is proposed by Rutherfords atomic model. Bohrs atomic model can reduce the complexity of Rutherford's atomic model.
Bohr's atomic model
According to Bohr's atomic model while electron will orbit surrounding the nucleus it will absorb energy and emite energy. By absorbing energy electorn will jump to higher energy state. When it will jump to lower energy state it will emite energy. The absorption of energy and the emision of energy by electron is an usual process of atom. This emision and absorption of energy became an authentic and true fact within the atom by the spectral analysis.
When electron place in the higher energy state it contains more energy. When it jump into the lower shell it absorbs energy. Most of the scientists thought about this phenomenon.
Just think about the electronic shell conception. Electron revolve nucleus along with the electronic shell. For each electronic shell specific number of electron is allowed to place. In the study of chemistry these electronic shell are expressed as principle quantum number. The electronic shell that is very closer to the nucleus, is termed as lower energy state. The electronic shell that is very far from the nucleus is termed as higher energy state. It is consider that the electron that place in the energy state that is comparatively more distance from the nucleus is more energetic.
According to Bohr's atomic model electron can jump into one energy state from another energy state.
With considering the alpha particle scattering experiment and Kepler's view in terms of our solar system Rutherford introduced an atomic model that is called solar system atomic model of atom. But different theory of physics draws a limitation on solar system atomic model. In order to overcome these limitation on solar system atomic model there became an importance of an authentic model of atom
When electron place in the higher energy state it contains more energy. When it jump into the lower shell it absorbs energy. Most of the scientists thought about this phenomenon.
Just think about the electronic shell conception. Electron revolve nucleus along with the electronic shell. For each electronic shell specific number of electron is allowed to place. In the study of chemistry these electronic shell are expressed as principle quantum number. The electronic shell that is very closer to the nucleus, is termed as lower energy state. The electronic shell that is very far from the nucleus is termed as higher energy state. It is consider that the electron that place in the energy state that is comparatively more distance from the nucleus is more energetic.
According to Bohr's atomic model electron can jump into one energy state from another energy state.
Rutherford's atomic model vs Bohr's atomic model
With considering the alpha particle scattering experiment and Kepler's view in terms of our solar system Rutherford introduced an atomic model that is called solar system atomic model of atom. But different theory of physics draws a limitation on solar system atomic model. In order to overcome these limitation on solar system atomic model there became an importance of an authentic model of atom
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